2019-07-18
最近，有一股热潮被刮起，那就是“逼疯”了无数上海人的垃圾分类。所有生活垃圾必须按照干垃圾，湿垃圾，有害垃圾，可回收物进行分类处理，且每天定时定点扔垃圾。这样的操作确实是让人觉的头痛，但是这也让不少人开始了解起垃圾该如何分类？
Recently, there is a boom was to blow, and that is "crazy" garbage classification of countless people in Shanghai. All household waste must be classified as dry waste, wet waste, hazardous waste and recyclables, and thrown away at regular intervals every day. Such operation is indeed a headache, but it also makes many people start to understand how to classify garbage?
为了正确认清四种不同的垃圾分类，广大网友发明了各种千奇百怪的分类方式，最著名的就是猪分类法。也就是说，在分垃圾前要先弄清楚猪吃什么、不吃什么，最好能牵着猪扔垃圾，根据猪的反应来判断垃圾的种类。(猪分类法有很多不严谨的地方，比如很多植物有毒猪不能吃，但是算湿垃圾。)
In order to correctly recognize the four different kinds of garbage classification, netizens invented a variety of bizarre classification methods, the most famous is “the pig classification.” That is to say, before sorting out the garbage, we should figure out what the pigs eat and what they don't eat. It is better to lead the pigs to throw the garbage, and judge the kind of garbage according to the reaction of the pigs. (there are a lot of loose spots in pig classification, such as plants that are poisonous and pigs that cannot be eaten, but are considered wet waste.)
但是即使是这样我们有时候也会分不清楚到底什么是湿垃圾，什么是干垃圾，还有什么是有害垃圾，和可回收垃圾。其中，有害垃圾和可回收物我们大部分都清楚，就是湿垃圾和干垃圾比较难分辨。
But even then we sometimes fail to distinguish between wet waste, dry waste, hazardous waste, and recyclable waste. Among them, hazardous waste and recyclables are mostly known to us. Wet waste and dry waste are difficult to distinguish.
湿垃圾
Wet garbage
湿垃圾通俗易懂就是易腐垃圾，是指食材废料、剩菜剩饭、过期食品、瓜皮果核、花卉绿植、中药药渣等易腐的生物质生活废弃物。
湿垃圾不是湿润的垃圾，而是会发霉变馊腐烂的垃圾。再干的饼干也属于湿垃圾，再湿润的卫生纸也不是湿垃圾！
Wet waste is easy to understand as perishable waste, refers to food material waste, leftovers, expired food, melon and fruit core, flowers and plants, Chinese medicine residue and other perishable biomass waste.
Wet garbage is not wet garbage, but will become moldy rancid garbage. Again dry biscuit also belongs to wet rubbish, again wet toilet paper is not wet rubbish!
后续处理：湿垃圾回收之后会先进行搅碎，然后送去生物降解或堆肥，最常见的小型生物降解有“蚯蚓塔”等。
Follow-up: after wet waste is collected, it is first mashed and then sent to biodegradation or compost.
干垃圾
Dry garbage
即其它垃圾，是指除可回收物、有害垃圾、湿垃圾以外的其它生活废弃物。
除了上述三类以外的生活垃圾都是干垃圾。分不清楚的垃圾比如沾有蚊子尸体的卫生纸，都可以扔到干垃圾里边。
Other garbage refers to other domestic wastes except recyclables, hazardous wastes and wet wastes.
All household waste except the three categories mentioned above is dry waste. Garbage that is not clearly distinguishable, such as toilet paper with mosquito corpses, can be thrown into dry garbage.
后续处理：干垃圾回收之后会被送去焚烧厂焚烧发电或者填埋厂填埋，属于污染最为严重的处理方法，在垃圾分类以前，基本上所有垃圾都是这个下场。
Follow-up treatment: after dry garbage
recycling, it will be sent to incineration plant for power generation or
landfill plant for landfill, which is the most serious treatment method of
pollution. Before garbage classification, basically all garbage will end up
like this.
有害垃圾
Hazardous waste
指废电池、废灯管、废药品、废油漆以及其容器等对人体健康或者自然环境造成直接或潜在危害的生物废弃物。
Refers to biological wastes such as waste batteries, waste lamps, waste medicines, waste paints and their containers that cause direct or potential harm to human health or natural environment.
后续处理：有害垃圾不能直接填埋。有害垃圾回收之后，会有专门的工作人员进行分拣，最后送往特殊部门处理。
Follow-up: hazardous waste cannot be directly buried. After hazardous waste is collected, special workers sort it and send it to special departments.
可回收物
RECYCLABLE WASTE
是指废纸张、废塑料、废玻璃制品、废金属、废织物等适宜回收、可循环利用的生活废弃物。
基本上就是“玻金塑纸衣”，卖废品的愿意收的就是可回收物。其中“纸”是指书籍试卷刊物这种可以写字的纸，不是卫生纸。卫生纸不管有没有擦过屁股都不可回收。
Refers to waste paper, waste plastic, waste glass products, waste metal, waste fabric and other suitable for recycling, recyclable household waste.
Basically, it is "plastic paper clothes made of glass and gold". Those who sell waste products are willing to collect recyclables. "Paper" refers to books, test papers and publications that can be written on, not toilet paper. Toilet paper is not recyclable whether it has been wiped or not.
后续处理：可回收物的二次利用基本分为三个流程：收集-变回原料-再生产。像塑料制品现在很多都是使用PP材料，新型的原料无机矿粉，还有生物可降解的原料去制作，这样可以让产品可以循环利用起来。
Follow-up treatment: the secondary utilization of recyclables is basically divided into three processes: collection - conversion back to raw materials - reproduction. For example, many plastic products are made of PP material, new raw materials, inorganic mineral powder and biodegradable raw materials, which can make products recyclable.
这么一看四大类的垃圾分类就清晰了很多，其实垃圾分类也并不是很难~只要认真去了解好像也能做的很好!赶紧收下这份秘籍吧！
So a look at the four categories of garbage classification is clear a lot, in fact, garbage classification is not very difficult ~ as long as the serious understanding seems to be able to do well! Take this tip now!
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由Luna Zeng整理归纳
（部分摘抄至公众号、百度）
